Clinical Utility & Targeting

How do we determine which patients are most likely to benefit from ADCs, and what biomarkers or companion diagnostics are currently proving most effective in guiding their use?

Limitations in Therapeutic Index

Despite their targeted nature, ADCs can still cause systemic toxicity. What are the main factors limiting the therapeutic window, and how can we engineer next-generation ADCs to overcome these issues?

Resistance Mechanisms

What are the most common resistance mechanisms seen in patients treated with ADCs, and how might we address them through combination therapies or sequential treatment strategies?

Tumor Heterogeneity

In light of intratumoral heterogeneity and variable antigen expression, how can we improve ADC design or delivery methods to maintain efficacy across diverse tumor cell populations?

Immunogenic Potential

Given the increasing interest in immune-oncology, how do ADCs interact with the immune system, and what opportunities exist for combining ADCs with immunotherapies to enhance outcomes?

Payload Innovation

How critical is payload selection to the clinical success of ADCs, and what advancements in cytotoxic or immunomodulatory payloads are currently showing the most promise?